As one of the world's major power blocs, the 27-state group of the European Union has imposed sanctions on Russian oil imports, we look at reactions from economists and investment houses to the move.

This week, European Union leaders agreed to hit Russian crude oil imports with an embargo â€“ to take full effect by the end of 2022. The sanctions are designed to stop 90 per cent of Russia’s crude oil from being imported to the EU. However, there are partial exemptions for Hungary and other Central European states that rely on pipeline imports.

As well as trying to squeeze Russia as it continues to invade Ukraine, the measures will add to the squeeze on European consumers, already paying more for gas and oil. The skyrocketing price of energy has become a major political and economic issue. The impact of Russian sanctions also adds to the disruptions linked with lockdowns to contain Covid-19, anti-C02 energy policy, and a decade of central bank money printing. 

Here are some thoughts about the EU’s actions on Europe and the wider world. 

Capital Economics
"We think that, at the margin, the EU’s embargo on Russian oil, announced yesterday [Tuesday], adds to reasons to expect the yields of long-dated government bonds to rise, equities to struggle and commodity currencies to outperform over the rest of this year.

EU countries agreed to an embargo on seaborne imports of oil and petroleum products from Russia (roughly 90 per cent of the EU’s total imports of those items are from Russia), with a temporary exception only for some imports delivered via pipeline.

The price of Brent crude – which had already been rising over the past few months as Western nations increasingly reduced imports of Russian oil – has risen since the announcement and is now trading at about $123 per barrel. Meanwhile, appetite for risk generally seems to have soured in the wake of the announcement. Equities – which had been rebounding over the past week or so – are down by today, whereas the US dollar is strengthening.

We think it [the embargo] adds to the reasons to expect oil prices to remain high over the rest of this year, even if they may drop back a bit from recent highs. We think this has three implications for the global economy and financial markets generally.

First, we think inflation rates in major economies will remain elevated for quite some time, even if they may fall back a bit thanks to favourable base effects. We think that will embolden central banks to press ahead with monetary tightening, which we suspect will put renewed upward pressure on government bond yields generally. We suspect that high inflation prints in the euro-zone…may have contributed to the increase in both expectations for interest rates and bond yields in the region.

Second, we think further upward pressure on bond yields will weigh on the valuations of equity markets, providing yet another reason to suspect that equities will continue to struggle."

Centre for Economics and Business Research (CEBR)
“Inflation in the eurozone increased even further to 8.1 per cent in May, beating consensus expectations by 0.4 percentage points. Again, energy proved to be the category which saw prices surge the fastest, being up 39.2 per cent from May 2021. Food prices also increased at concerning rates, with the shortfall of agricultural exports from Ukraine threatening to worsen the situation further. As the EU reached an agreement on new sanctions targeting Russian oil supplies, energy prices may well soar even faster in the coming months. These developments continue to put pressure on the European Central Bank, which has hinted towards its first rate rises in more than a decade being possible in the summer months."

Schroders
"We have revised up our forecast for global inflation this year to 6.4 per cent, from 4.8 per cent previously. Although we still expect inflation to decline next year, it will probably do so more slowly and we have revised up our forecast to 3.6 per cent in 2023 from 2.8 per cent previously.

Within that, much of the upward revision comes from developed markets. Incoming data suggest that inflation in the US peaked at 8.6 per cent in March. We expect it to trend lower in the months ahead, but only to return to the Federal Reserve’s 2 per cent target by the fourth quarter of 2023.

We expect the peak in inflation in the UK and euro area to be a bit later, in Q2 and Q3 respectively. However, while we think that inflation in the eurozone will fall back below 2 per cent in the second half of next year, we expect UK inflation to remain above target throughout 2023.

BlackRock Investment Institute
"Near-term risks appear skewed to the downside for growth and risk assets: central banks talking tough on inflation, an ongoing commodity price shock and China’s restrictive Covid lockdowns adding to a weaker macro outlook. We believe the consequences of these risks will be most deeply felt by markets over a tactical horizon – and have reduced portfolio risk in recent weeks. But we don’t think they matter yet for a strategic horizon of five years and longer.

We maintain our view favouring developed market equities over fixed income on a strategic horizon. This difficult market and macro environment has brought into sharp focus the importance of taking time horizons into account when arriving at investment views."